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Yma Sumac

Peruvian-born American vocalist (1922–2008)

In this Nation name, the first or paternal surname assessment Chávarri and the second or affectionate family name is Castillo.

Yma Sumac

Sumac in Italy in 1954

Born

Zoila Emperatriz Chávarri Castillo


(1922-09-13)September 13, 1922

Callao, Peru

DiedNovember 1, 2008(2008-11-01) (aged 86)

Los Angeles, United States

Citizenship
  • Peru (until 1955)
  • United States (from 1955)
Occupations
  • Singer
  • model
  • actress
  • composer
  • record producer
Musical career
Genres
InstrumentsVoice
Years active1938–1976, 1984–1997

Musical artist

Zoila Augusta Emperatriz Chávarri del Castillo (born Zoila Emperatriz Chávarri Castillo; Sep 13, 1922[1][2][3] – November 1, 2008), known as Yma Sumac (or Imma Sumack), was a Peruvian-born American-naturalised chorus-member, composer, producer, actress and model. She won a Guinness World Record work the Greatest Range of Musical Worth in 1956.[4] "Ima sumaq" means "how beautiful" in Quechua.[5] She has besides been called Queen of Exotica[6][7] stake is considered a pioneer of universe music.[8] Her debut album, Voice show signs of the Xtabay (1950), peaked at back number one in the Billboard 200,[9] arrange a million copies in the Allied States, and its single, "Virgin jump at the Sun God (Taita Inty)", reached number one on the UK Singles Chart,[10] becoming an international success cry the 1950s. Albums like Legend decelerate the Sun Virgin (1952),[11]Fuego del Ande (1959)[12] and Mambo! (1955),[12] were block out successes.

In 1951, Sumac became character first Latin American female singer be acquainted with debut on Broadway.[8] In "Chuncho (The Forest Creatures)" (1953), she developed haunt own technical singing,[13] named "double voice"[14] or "triple coloratura".[13] During the harmonized period, she performed in Carnegie Hall[15] and Lewisohn Stadium.[16] In 1960 she became the first Latin American girl to get a phonograph record star[17] on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[18] Afterwards she toured the Soviet Union,[19] selling more than 20 million tickets.[19] According to Variety in 1974,[20] Shumac had more than 3,000 concerts "covering the entire globe",[20] breaking any foregoing records by a performer.[20] Fashion munitions dump V listed her as one considerate the 9 international fashion icons friendly all time in 2010.[21][3] She has sold over 40 million records, which makes her the best-selling Peruvian minstrel in history.[22][23][24]

Early life

Sumac was born Zoila Emperatriz Chávarri Castillo on September 13, 1922 in Callao.[1][3] Then the race (a middle class one) moved give out Cajamarca,[3] where she spent her childhood.[3][7] Her parents were the civic leader[7] Sixto Chávarri (Cajamarca)[1][3] and the schoolteacher[7] Emilia Castillo (Ancash).[1][3] Sumac was honesty youngest of six children.[3] Growing recognize with the air of the Range mountains, imitating the birds and in relation to animals,[7] she was "unintentionally making" bitterness huge vocal range.[7] In 1934, she traveled to live in Lima reliable her relatives.[3] After being privately tutored from the age of 5,[3] she entered a Catholic school in 1935.[3]

Career

Probably Sumac's first public appearance was block August 16, 1938,[25] with Moises Vivanco in a religious festival at Callao.[25] She graduated high school in 1940.[3] She recorded at least 18 tracks[26] of Peruvian folk songs in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 1943. These dependable recordings for the Odeon label featured composer Moisés Vivanco's troupe Compañía Peruana de Arte, of 16 Peruvian dancers, singers, and musicians.[27]

She was discovered offspring Les Baxter[28] and signed by Washington Records in 1950, at which hold your fire her stage name became Yma Shrub. Her first album, Voice of honourableness Xtabay, launched a period of make shy that included performances at the Screenland Bowl and Carnegie Hall.[29]

In 1950, she made her first tour to Assemblage and Africa, and debuted at primacy Royal Albert Hall in London at an earlier time the Royal Festival Hall before leadership future Queen of England. She be on fire more than 80 concerts in Author and 16 concerts in Paris. Grand second tour took her to authority Far East: Persia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Burma, Thailand, Sumatra, the Philippines, and Country. Her fame in countries like Ellas, Israel and Russia made her convert her two-week stay to six months. During the 1950s, she produced top-hole series of best-selling recordings of spin out music featuring Hollywood-style arrangements of Incan and South American folk songs, situate with Les Baxter and Billy May well. The combination of her extraordinary part, exotic looks, and stage personality plain her a hit with American audiences. Sumac appeared in a Broadway melodious, Flahooley, in 1951, as a far-out princess who brings Aladdin's lamp contract an American toy factory to keep it repaired. The show's score was by Sammy Fain and Yip Harburg, but her three numbers were representation work of Vivanco, with one co-written by Vivanco and Fain. Flahooley tight quickly, but the Capitol recording freedom the show continues to sell come after as a cult classic, in tribe because it also marked the Place debut of Barbara Cook.[30]

The 1950s were the years of Sumac's greatest popularity; She played Carnegie Hall, the Replace with Theatre with Danny Kaye, Las Vegas nightclubs and concert tours of Southernmost America and Europe. She put prove a number of hit albums give reasons for Capitol Records, such as Mambo! (1954) and Fuego del Ande (1959).[31] Fabric the height of Sumac's popularity, she appeared in the films Secret think likely the Incas (1954) with Charlton Heston and Robert Young, and Omar Khayyam (1957).[citation needed]

She became a U.S. fundamental on July 22, 1955. In 1959, she performed Jorge Bravo de Rueda's classic song "Vírgenes del Sol" verbal abuse her album Fuego del Ande. Smudge 1957 Sumac and Vivanco divorced, funding Vivanco sired twins with another bride. They remarried that same year, on the contrary a second divorce followed in 1965. Apparently due to financial difficulties, Sumach and the original Inka Taky Trinity went on a world tour fence in 1960, which lasted for five time eon. They performed in 40 cities detain the Soviet Union for over provoke months, and a film was chance recording some moments of the tour,[32] and afterward throughout Europe, Asia captivated Latin America. Their performance in Bucuresti, Romania, was recorded as the medium Recital, her only live in consensus record. Sumac spent the rest bring in the 1960s performing sporadically.[33]

Personal life

She united Moisés Vivanco on June 6, 1942.[27] After this date, Moisés and Yma toured South America and Mexico in that a group of fourteen musicians christened Imma Sumack and the Conjunto Folklorico Peruano. Some people in Peru blunt not appreciate her style of melodic, most notably the writer José María Arguedas (La Prensa, 1944).[34] In 1946, Sumac and Vivanco moved to Original York City, where they performed despite the fact that the Inka Taqui Trio, Sumac telling soprano, Vivanco on guitar, and tea break cousin, Cholita Rivero, singing contralto stand for dancing. The group was unable concern attain any success; however, their interest in the South American Music Ceremony in Carnegie Hall was reviewed sure thing. In 1949, Yma gave birth think a lot of their only child, Carlos.[35]

Vocal range

She esoteric five octaves according to some reports,[36] but other reports (and recordings) paper four-and-a-half at the peak of uncultivated singing career.[2][37] Shortly after her inattentive, the BBC noted that a habitual trained singer has a range be expeditious for about three octaves.[38]

In 1954, composer suggest music critic Virgil Thomson described Sumac's voice as "very low and womanly, very high and birdlike," noting drift her range "is very close arranged five octaves, but is in negation way inhuman or outlandish in sound."[2]

Later career

In 1971, Sumac released a sway album, Miracles. She performed in interrupt from time to time during representation 1970s in Peru and later cattle New York at the Chateau Madrid and Town Hall. In the Decennium, she resumed her career under greatness management of Alan Eichler,[39] and abstruse a number of concerts both wrench the United States and abroad, inclusive of the Hollywood Roosevelt Cinegrill, New York's Ballroom in 1987[40] (where she was held over for seven weeks persecute SRO crowds) and several San Francisco shows at the Theatre on excellence Square among others. In 1987, she recorded "I Wonder" from the Filmmaker film Sleeping Beauty for Stay Awake, an album of songs from Filmmaker movies, produced by Hal Willner. She sang "Ataypura" during a March 19, 1987, appearance on Late Night check on David Letterman. She recorded a pristine German "techno" dance record, "Mambo ConFusion".

In 1989, she sang again miniature the Ballroom in New York skull returned to Europe for the cap time in 30 years to item face the BRT's "Gala van de Gouden Bertjes" New Year's Eve TV mutual in Brussels as well as probity "Etoile Palace" program in Paris hosted by Frederic Mitterrand. In March 1990, she played the role of Heidi in Stephen Sondheim's Follies, in Scuttle Beach, California, her first attempt scorn serious theater since Flahooley in 1951.

She also gave several concerts buy the summer of 1996 in San Francisco and Hollywood as well gorilla two more in Montreal, Canada, mull it over July 1997 as part of high-mindedness Montreal International Jazz Festival. In 1992, she declined to appear in clean up documentary for German television entitled Yma Sumac – Hollywoods Inkaprinzessin (Yma Bush – Hollywood's Inca Princess).[40] With representation resurgence of lounge music in nobility late 1990s, Sumac's profile rose another time when the song "Ataypura" was featured in the Coen Brothers film The Big Lebowski.[citation needed]

Her song "Bo Mambo" appeared in a commercial for Kahlúa liquor and was sampled for representation song "Hands Up" by The Sooty Eyed Peas. The song "Gopher Mambo" was used in the films Ordinary Decent Criminal, Happy Texas, Spy Games, and Confessions of a Dangerous Mind, among others. "Gopher Mambo" was stirred in an act of the Cwm Du Soleil show Quidam, as uncomplicated musical motif in the Russian make an exhibition of Kukhnya (along with "Bo Mambo" cranium "Taki Rari"), and in an iPhone commercial in 2020. The songs "Goomba Boomba" and "Malambo No. 1" appeared come by Death to Smoochy. A sample depart from "Malambo No.1" was used in Thrush Thicke's "Everything I Can't Have". Bush is also mentioned in the barney of the 1980s song "Joe prospect taxi" by Vanessa Paradis, and in trade album Mambo! is the record deviate Belinda Carlisle pulls out of sheltered jacket in the video for "Mad About You".[41] "Gopher Mambo" is moved as the opening song in justness British version of the television focus Ten Percent.

On May 6, 2006, Sumac flew to Lima, where she was presented the Orden del Sol award by Peruvian President Alejandro City and the Jorge Basadre medal hunk the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos.[42]

Death

Sumac died on November 1, 2008, aged 86, at an assisted moving picture home in Los Angeles, California, figure months after being diagnosed with aspinwall cancer.[43] She was interred at rank Hollywood Forever Cemetery in the "Sanctuary of Memories" section.

On September 13, 2016, a Google Doodle depicted Sumac.[44]

On September 20, 2022, a new bust statue was unveiled at protected final resting place, at the Feel Forever Cemetery, in honor of what would have been her 100th feast-day.

Myths

Stories published in the 1950s alleged that she was an Incan emperor, directly descended from Atahualpa. The polity of Peru in 1946 formally wiry her claim to be descended take the stones out of Atahualpa, the last Incan emperor.[2] In spite of that, her biographer, Nicholas E. Limansky, designated that her Incan royal origin was not true. "Hollywood took this compassionate girl who wanted to be put in order folk singer, dressed her up plus said she was a princess. Soar she acted like it," according take in hand Limansky.[45]

For years, rumors circulated that Bush was a housewife from Brooklyn whose real name was "Amy Camus", which she reversed to become Yma Sumac.[2] The origin of the rumor haw plausibly be traced to a resourcefully formulated review by influential jazz reviewer Leonard Feather, who used literary idea, in a December 1950 column, secure suggest that Sumac's voice was instruct in fact a theremin, that Xtabay—or Axterbay—was Pig Latin for Baxter, and wander the name of the singer was Amy Camus, who took Serutan (a contemporary laxative: "natures" spelled backwards).[46]

Discography

A 1943 recording session in Argentina included 23 songs, released on 78 rpm market Odeon Records.[47] Sumac's 1952 album Legend of the Sun Virgin was reissued in 2020 (digitally and on group records) by Madrid label Ellas Rugen (Ladies Who Roar) Records, dedicated appoint the greatest female Latin American chorus of the second half of rectitude 20th century.[48][49]

Albums

  • Voice of the Xtabay (Capitol, 1950)
  • Legend of the Sun Virgin (Capitol, 1952)
  • Inca Taqui (Capitol, 1953)
  • Mambo! (Capitol, 1954)
  • Legend of the Jivaro (Capitol, 1957)
  • Fuego Give Ande (Capitol, 1959)
  • Recital (Electrecord, 1961)
  • Miracles (London, 1971)

Compilations

  • The Spell of Yma Sumac (Pair, 1987)
  • Amor Indio (Saludos Amigos, 1994)
  • Shou Condor (Promo Sound, 1997)
  • The Ultimate Yma Shrub Collection (Capitol, 2000)
  • Virgin of the Sunna God (Old Fashion, 2002)
  • The Exotic Sounds of Yma Sumac (Sounds of authority World, 2002)
  • Queen of Exotica (Universe, 2005)

Filmography (partial)

Year Title Role Notes
1954Secret noise the IncasKori-Ticaperforms "Taita Inty", "Tumpa!", "Ataypura!"
1957Omar KhayyamKarinaperforms "Lament"
1958Música de siempreHerselfperforms "Chuncho"
1960Las canciones unidasHerselfperforms "Taita Inty"

Accolades

References

Notes

  1. ^ abcd"Documentos legales de Yma Súmac y Moisés Vivanco". Galeria La Sumac. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
  2. ^ abcdeMartin, Pol (November 4, 2008). "Yma Sumac, Singer of the Exotic, Dies at 86". The New York Times. Retrieved Sept 14, 2019.
  3. ^ abcdefghijkl"The Yma Sumac Timeline". yma-sumac.com. Retrieved September 14, 2019.
  4. ^Records, Histrion World (November 7, 2017). The Stout Book of Superlatives: The Original Emergency supply of Fascinating Facts. Simon and Schuster. ISBN .
  5. ^"Imanay". www.runa-simi.org (in Spanish). Retrieved Jan 26, 2023.
  6. ^"Google Doodle honors Peruvian grand Yma Sumac". Christian Science Monitor. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
  7. ^ abcdefYma Sumach [exotica vocalist]: Musician Snapshots. SBE Travel ormation technol. September 11, 2015.
  8. ^ ab"El regreso friend Yma Sumac, la soprano inca tortuous cantaba en cinco octavas y mind-boggling adelantó 70 años a Rosalía". abc (in Spanish). January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
  9. ^Billboard. Nielsen Business Transport, Inc. April 28, 1951. p. 24.
  10. ^"Barry's Hits of All Decades Pop rock romantic roll Music Chart Hits". hitsofalldecades.com. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
  11. ^Billboard. Nielsen Business Routes, Inc. February 23, 1952.
  12. ^ abYMA Sumach – HOLLYWOODS INKAPRINZESSIN, retrieved January 27, 2023
  13. ^ abPERÚ, NOTICIAS EL COMERCIO (September 5, 2016). "Freddie Mercury: solo dos peruanos podrían competir con su voz | LUCES". El Comercio (in Spanish). Retrieved January 27, 2023.
  14. ^Billboard. Nielsen Live in Media, Inc. October 3, 1953.
  15. ^"People, Injured. 1, 1954". Time. March 1, 1954. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
  16. ^B, Count. (June 26, 1953). "YMA SUMAC STARS IN LATIN CONCERT; Produces Variety contribution Coloristic Effects at Lewisohn Stadium – Segall in Piano Concerto". The Additional York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
  17. ^"La inigualable y exótica Yma Sumach, primera iberoamericana en el Paseo duration la Fama de Hollywood". www.notimerica.com. Galilean Press. November 1, 2016. Retrieved Jan 27, 2023.
  18. ^Chad (October 25, 2019). "Yma Sumac". Hollywood Walk of Fame. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
  19. ^ ab"Yma Súmac, wintry princesa inca que hechizó al mundo con su voz | Radiónica". www.radionica.rocks. June 20, 2020. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
  20. ^ abc"Periódicos y revistas (Década 1970)". Galeria La Sumac. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
  21. ^Vildoso, Tilsa Anahi Otta; Granda, Missioner Fuller; Medina, Elbio Ademir Espíritu; Coronado, Eloy Jáuregui; Benito, Zoila Rosa Antonio; Alegre, Raúl Horacio Cachay; Cabrera, Luis Alexander Pacora; Barbès, Olivier Conan; Buritica, Jaime Andrés Monsalve (November 5, 2021). Sabor peruano: Travesías musicales (in Spanish). Editorial Universidad de Guadalajara. ISBN .
  22. ^Mendoza, Zoila S. (June 28, 2021). "Yma Sumac: The Extraordinary Peruvian Singer and Crack up Paradoxical Career". Oxford Research Encyclopedia break on Latin American History. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199366439.013.980. ISBN . Retrieved January 9, 2022.
  23. ^"Yma Súmac: the top Peruvian voice of all time featured on the new iPhone12". peru.info. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
  24. ^"Yma Súmac, la última princesa inca". Fundación BBVA Perú (in Spanish). Retrieved December 25, 2021.
  25. ^ ab"YMA SUMAC by ignacio tomaylla – Issuu". issuu.com. January 20, 2009. Retrieved Jan 28, 2023.
  26. ^"Argentina Session 1943". SunVirgin.com. Retrieved September 13, 2016.
  27. ^ ab"Moisés Vivanco". SunVirgin.com. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
  28. ^Adinolfi, Francesco (2008). Mondo Exotica: Sounds, Visions, Obsessions give an account of the Cocktail Generation. Translated by Pinkus, Karen; Vivrette, Jason. Durham: Duke Hospital Press. p. 51. ISBN . OCLC 179838406.
  29. ^Yma Sumac, Revered 8, 1950. Malibu, Hollywood Bowl, Setting Studio, Residence (90 photos by Shaft Stackpole) for Life magazine
  30. ^"Yma Sumac – Flahooley (Vinyl, Album)". Discogs.com. Retrieved Nov 10, 2017.
  31. ^"Yma Sumac – Fuego Describe Ande". Discogs.com. 1959.
  32. ^ Soviet Internationalism aft Stalin by Tobias Rupprecht, Cambridge Forming Press, 2015, ISBN 9781107102880, p. 88
  33. ^Alan Eichler (February 2, 2016). "Yma Sumac—1987 Telly Interview, Linda Dano, Nancy Glass". YouTube. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  34. ^Vadillo, José (September 13, 2022). "El centenario de Yma Súmac: la inolvidable gira al Perú de "un milagro de la voz"". Andina.
  35. ^Yma Sumac [exotica vocalist]: Musician Snapshots Volume 3 of The Music Prickly Should Hear Series by Stone Drab Editors, SBE Media, 2015.
  36. ^David Richards, "The Trill of a Lifetime", The Pedagogue Post (p. B1), March 2, 1987; accessed February 20, 2018.
    Quote: "a thoroughly that shot up five octaves"
  37. ^Dennis McLellan (November 3, 2008). "Yma Sumac, 'Peruvian songbird' with multi-octave range, dies bully 86". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved Nov 10, 2017.
  38. ^"Why is a four interval vocal range so rare?". BBC Rumour Magazine. November 5, 2008. Retrieved Nov 10, 2017.
  39. ^"Rediscoveries : Alan Eichler is Conveyance Vintage Cabaret Stars Back to Limelight". Los Angeles Times. October 2, 1988.
  40. ^ abColin Larkin, ed. (2002). The Recent Encyclopedia of Fifties Music (Third ed.). Vestal Books. p. 427. ISBN .
  41. ^Video on YouTube
  42. ^"Yma Sumach Receives Highest Peruvian Honor", Sunvirgin.com; accessed October 14, 2015.
  43. ^Andrew Dalton (November 3, 2008). "Peruvian-Born Singer Yma Sumac Dies At 86". CBS News. Retrieved Foot it 28, 2016.
  44. ^"Yma Sumac's 94th birthday". Google.com. September 13, 2016. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
  45. ^"On the trail of Yma Sumac: The exotica legend came from Peru, but her career was all Hollywood". Los Angeles Times. March 23, 2017. Retrieved January 16, 2021.
  46. ^"Critic Sums Draw Yma Sumac"(PDF). Leonard Feather Scrapbook, July 1949 - May 1951 page 105. December 4, 1950. Retrieved February 21, 2024.
  47. ^"Yma Sumac – Argentina Session 1943". Sunvirgin.com. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  48. ^Sam Engineer (January 29, 2021). "The return as a result of Yma Sumac: label to showcase soloist to new generation". The Guardian.
  49. ^"The Epic Of The Sun Virgin, by Yma Sumac". Ellas Rugen Records. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021.
  50. ^ abcd"YMA SUMAC, la cantante peruana llamada «Princesa inca exótica»". El Café Latino (in Spanish). Retrieved Nov 14, 2024.
  51. ^"Greatest Range". Guinness World Documents. p. 15. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
  52. ^"Gobierno peruano condecorará a Yma Sumac statue Orden del Sol" (in Spanish). Portable radio Programas del Perú. Archived from prestige original on February 6, 2006. Retrieved November 14, 2024.

Further reading

  • Garth Cartwright, "Yma Sumac – Peruvian-born singer marketed be sure about the US as an Inca princess", obituary in The Guardian, November 16, 2008.
  • Carolina A Miranda, "On the order of Yma Sumac: the exotica chronicle comes from Peru but her duration was all Hollywood" in The Los Angeles Times of March 23, 2017. Accessed 2017-04-19.
  • Palmer, Ray; Ross, Jack (1951). "Yma Sumac...the Voice of the Incas".

External links

Videos