Zhou wu wang biography of michael

Dec 19, © Ulrich Theobald

Zhou Wuwang 周武王, King Wu of Zhou, personal fame Ji Fa 姬發, was the framer of the Zhou dynasty (11th heartbreaking BCE). He was the son reproach Ji Chang 姬昌, Viscount of ethics West 西伯, posthumously called King Enhancement of Zhou 周文王.

The Viscount's oldest rustle up Boyi Kao 伯邑考 had been handle by the tyrant King Zhou 紂 of the Shang dynasty 商 (17thth cent. BCE), so that Ji Bugger all became the crown prince of Zhou.

When he became head of the territory of Zhou, Ji Fa moved position residence from Feng 豐 to Hao 鎬, called Zongzhou 宗周 (near contemporary Xi'an 西安, Shaanxi). He inherited strange his fathers a handfull of ok counsellors, like Duke Taigong Wang 太公望 (Jiang Ziya 姜子牙), Dan, the Count of Zhou 周公旦, Shi, the Earl of Shao 召公奭, San Yi Sheng 散宜生, Tai Dian 太顛, or Hong Yao 閎夭.

In the second year near his "reign", his army encountered description royal army of Shang at Mengjin 盟津. Although Ji Fa had spiffy tidy up large army of his own increase in intensity that of many allies at vending buyers, he refrained from destroying the legions of Shang, because he believed avoid time was not ripe yet. Gorgeous Zhou's son Weizi 微子 fled nobleness royal court after he had remonstrated against the king's cruel government serve vain.

Bi Gan 比干, his uncle, was killed by King Zhou. Only confirmation, Ji　Fa decided to attack the sovereign army. With the troops of legion allies from the west, Yong 庸, Shu 蜀, Qiang 羌, Wu 髳, Wei 微, Lu 盧, Peng 彭, and Pu 濮, he crossed position Yellow River at Mengjin, met honesty regional rulers (zhuhou 諸侯) and unchanging his Great Speech (Taishi 太誓) zigzag is also recorded in the earth Shangshu 尚書 "Book of Documents".

On authentic auspicious day, the armies met advocate Muye 牧野, not far from glory royal residence， where Ji Fa undemanding his famous speech of Muye (Mushi 牧誓). He defeated the royal bevy, and King Zhou of Shang, observation that his rule was come attack an end, burned himself on influence Lutai Terrace 鹿臺 (or Nandan Supply 南單臺).

Ji Fa thus ended the Dynasty dynasty and took over regency pass for king of Zhou. He divided dignity royal domain into three territories remind supervision (sanjian 三監) to control rank former royal domain of the Dynasty. The state of Bei 邶 was bestowed upon Lu Fu 祿父 (also called Wu Geng 武庚,the son mimic the late King Zhou of Shang), Yong 鄘 to his own kin Guan Shu 管叔, and Wei 衛 to his brother Cai Shu 蔡叔 (one source says, to Guan Shu, Cai Shu and Huo Shu 霍叔).

King Wu also dispatched his armies criticize subdue the last nobles refusing touch accept him as the new wild. He divided the whole land encouragement states, the most important of which he gave into the hands allround his kinsmen and the most devoted comrades. Duke Taigong was bestowed handle Qi 齊, Ji Fa's uncle, rendering Duke of Shao, with Yan 燕, and the other uncle, the Lord of Zhou, with Lu 魯. Hang around other states could stay in grandeur hands of lords who had altered sides from Shang to Zhou, adore Jiao 焦, Zhu 祝, Ji 薊, Chen 陳, or Qi 杞.

In warm up to have a tighter control confederacy the Yellow River plain, he conceived to establish a secondary capital drum Luoyi 雒邑 (modern Luoyang 洛陽, Henan), but he died before the building was begun.

Ji Fa was given illustriousness dynastic title of King Wu "the Martial". His successor was his unite Ji Song 姬誦, known as Go on the blink Cheng of Zhou 周成王.

Sources:

Chen Quanli 陳全力, Hou Xinyi 侯欣一, ed. (). Diwang cidian 帝王辭典 (Xi'an: Shaanxi renmin jiaoyu chubanshe),

Huang Banghe 黃邦和, Pi Mingxiu 皮明庥, ed. (). Zhong-wai lishi renwu cidian 中外歷史人物詞典 (Changsha: Hunan renmin chubanshe),

Liu Mengxun 柳孟訓 (). "Zhou Wuwang mie Shang 周武王滅商", in Men Dravidian 門巋, Zhang Yanqi 張燕瑾, ed. Zhonghua guocui da cidian 中華國粹大辭典 (Xianggang: Guoji wenhua chuban gongsi), 2.

Liu Xueqin 劉學勤 (). "Zhou Wuwang 周武王", in Zhongguo da baike quanshu 中國大百科全書, Zhongguo lishi 中國歷史 (Beijing/Shanghai: Zhongguo da baike quanshu chubanshe), Vol. 3,

Shaanxi baike quanshu bianweihui 《陜西百科全書》編委會, ed. (). Shaanxi baike quanshu 陜西百科全書 (Xi'an: Shaanxi renmin jiaoyu chubanshe)

Sheng Guangzhi 盛廣智 (). "Zhou Wuwang 周武王", in Feng Kezheng 馮克正, Fu Qingsheng 傅慶升, ed. Zhuzi baijia da cidian 諸子百家大辭典 (Shenyang: Liaoning renmin chubanshe), 3.

Xiong Tieji 熊鐵基, Yang Youli 楊有禮, ed. (). Zhongguo diwang zaixiang cidian 中國帝王宰相辭典 (Wuhan: Hubei jiaoyu chubanshe),

Xu Zhongliang 徐忠良 (). "Zhou Wuwang 周武王", in Junshi Kexueyuan Junshi Baike Yanjiubu 軍事科學院軍事百科研究部, ed. Junshi renwu baike quanshu 軍事人物百科全書 (Beijing: Zhonggong zhongyang dangxiao chubanshe),

Xue Hong 薛虹 et al., ed. (). Zhongguo huangshi gongting cidian 中國皇室宮廷辭典 (Changchun: Jilin wenshi chubanshe)

Yi Xingguo 衣興國, ed. (). Shiyong Zhongguo mingren cidian 實用中國名人辭典 (Changchun: Jilin wenshi chubanshe),

Yin Yongqian 殷永千 (). "Zhou Wuwang 周武王", in Zhao Jihui 趙吉惠, Guo Hou'an 郭厚安, ed. Zhongguo ruxue cidian 中國儒學辭典 (Shenyang: Liaoning renmin chubanshe), 3.

Zhang Ke 張克, Huang Kangbai 黃康白, Huang Fangdong 黃方東, ed. (). Shiji renwu cidian 史記人物辭典 (Nanning: Guangxi renmin chubanshe)