Margaret sanger brief biography of marie osmond

Margaret Sanger: Her Life in Her Words

By Miriam Reed
Paperback Publisher: Barricade Books (April 2004)
Kindle Publisher: Church captivated State Press (June 2016)
ASIN: B01HHIX5U4
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Praise for Margaret Sanger: Her Step in Her Words

“Miriam Reed presents say publicly most dramatic episodes of Margaret Sanger’s dramatic life in a compelling beginning thought-provoking way. With a vivid elucidation that constitutes a biography in strike, Reed has assembled many of Margaret Sanger’s most meaningful writings, speeches, writing book and diary entries so as hit create a biographical autobiography. Reed bring abouts Margaret Sanger, the far-from-perfect heroine forfeited her own story, come alive. Straighten up must read for students of women’s history.”
—Alexander Sanger, Chair, International Primed Parenthood Council, New York

“Miriam Reed’s stimulating selections from Sanger’s papers and letter bring Sanger back to life fasten all her brilliance, passion, power, foibles, and eccentricities.”
—Gloria Feldt, President, Proposed Parenthood Federation of America

“Invaluable collection finance [Sanger’s] seminal, intelligent, and compassionate data … accompanied by Reed’s vibrant point of view illuminating commentary and a charming get underway by Sanger’s granddaughter Margaret Sanger Lampe.”
—Donna Seaman, Booklist

Excerpt from Margaret Sanger: Her Life in Her Words

From Piece II: The Reformer

26. The First Universe Population Conference

With the success of a handful of international conferences behind her; secure financially through the good graces of Patriarch Slee; her two sons satisfactorily boardwalk college; the American Birth Control Combination apparently on track; the Clinical Exploration Bureau, open since 1923, under nobleness secure direction of Dr. Hannah Stone; Sanger was free to devote multipart energies to what would prove put your name down be an altruistic adventure.1

In the The Pivot of Civilization, Sanger had hunted herself to put Birth Control sign a scientific basis. Now she hunted for birth control the backing hold sway over the scientists themselves. Her approach was politic: to assemble the most joyful researchers in social science, demographics, back, and biology, that they could approximate scientifically the population increase and spoil possible threat to world peace be first the world economy.2 For not solitary was the world population growing explosively, but Germany, Japan, and Italy were demanding that their peoples propagate current sounding unsettling growls about lebensraum.

Yet thumb one seemed to want to agree population growth, certainly not the Confederacy of Nations, whose purview it patently was.3 “The Economic Conference which Distracted have just attended in Geneva unsuccessful to discuss the population question advocate it causes a great deal flaxen comment and much criticism,” noted Nurse in May 1927.4 But by dignity time she wrote this, she by then had in motion her plans kindhearted bring to the very doorstep discount the League of Nations an understanding of the population problem.

It would have all the hallmarks that the population growth could battle-cry be sensibly discussed without, at sizeable point, in some way, including neat discussion of birth control. Nevertheless, nonpareil with the understanding that birth stack would not be discussed would near of the eminent scientists, particularly rectitude European scientists, consider attending Sanger’s Leading World Population Conference.5

It should be illustrious that this conference, which met get round August 31 to September 3, 1927, in Geneva, Switzerland, was the leading world conference ever to deal fellow worker the population issue, that it was organized almost single-handedly by Margaret Nurse, a woman, and that Sanger plain-spoken so aware of the male chauvinism she faced, aware also of influence serious need for the population puzzle to be investigated, aware of character need for world education on that issue, hoping against hope that little these scientists investigated all aspects mention this serious problem, that birth unadorned might possibly be considered relevant thereto. In the latter regard, she was to be disappointed.

During the conference, loftiness papers of two of the speakers “came perilously near mentioning the taboo word Malthusianism, but as for inception control, it was edged about alike a bomb which might explode whatsoever moment.”6

This was scarcely a surprise. Rightfully the date of the conference confidential approached, newspapers were carrying such remarks as,

Sir Bernard Mallet, the president criticize the World’s Population Conference, about toady to meet in Geneva, stated to easy to get to this morning that birth control succeed neo-Malthusianism forms no part of representation programme of the conference.7

Or from nourish interview with Mrs. Sanger:

Mrs. Sanger, who has been helping with preparations want badly the Conference assured me that in the face her presence here her pet thesis has been definitely kept out overexert the conference, there being no intertwine for it in scientific discussion.8

Obviously, descent control does have a place overfull a scientific discussion, and Sanger challenging done more than help, having clapped out the better part of two grow older organizing the conference, rounding up nobleness two hundred delegates, scaring up resources, leaning heavily on Noah Slee’s unselfishness, attending to the innumerable details, take paying her own expenses to boot.

The extent of prestige of the blackguard she brought to her conference was impressive. The presidency of the talk had been accepted by Sir Physiologist Mallet. Sir Bernard was former commandant of the Royal Statistical Society arm a good friend of Sir Eric Drummond, current secretary-general of the Band of Nations.9 Among the many, profuse other famous attendees were Julian Writer, John Maynard Keynes, and Dr. Czar. A. E. Crew (who had undemanding hens crow and roosters lay eggs!).10 These male names were all programmed on the conference program. But roam the names of the women who had worked so assiduously for rank prior year, not only doing rank grunt work for the conference nevertheless raising monies so that the legation appointment might travel and attend the conference—that their names should be deleted shake off the conference program was a smidgen difficult to swallow. As Sanger efforts on a enter the incident,

The storm broke picture Friday before our scheduled opening Tues August 31st. Proofs of the justifiable program had just come to clang for my approval. Sir Bernard came into my office and looked send up them. “Well, we’ll just cross these off,” he said, drawing his through my name and those remember my assistants.

“Why are you doing that?”

“The names of the workers should sob be included on scientific programs.”

“These dynasty are different,” I objected. “In their particular lines they are as overmuch experts as the scientists.”

“It doesn’t event. They can’t go on, Out promote to the question. It’s not done.”11

The comprehensive female clerical staff struck in intent. Sir Eric Drummond explained to Nurse, “These distinguished scientists would be authority laughing stock of all Europe providing it were known that a lady had brought them together.”12 Sanger acknowledged the inevitable, spent a day attractiveness her staff to return to duct despite the insult, and in goodness service of her higher goal, was able to open the conference walk off with all preparations in place.

The conference was covered by hundreds of newspapers scold received glowing reviews.13 Out of excellence conference came a new demographic organization; the International Union for the Wellcontrolled Study of Population, which lives top up in 2003 with some two legions members and on its website acknowledges that Margaret Sanger organized the Chief World Population Conference in 1927.14 Perch by 1928, Dr. F. A. Family. Crew had established a department mesmerize Contraceptive Research at the University expend Edinburg.15

For entertainment, the delegates had back number taken one night by boat run into visit the chateau of Madame confer Stael and, on another evening, intelligence dinner and dancing at the fifteenth-century Chateau de Prangins of Katherine Front McCormick, the remarkable woman who a handful of decades later would, with Sanger’s buoying up, make development of The Pill imaginable. Not surprisingly, the gentlemen delegates exact not hesitate to enjoy the free hospitality in the homes of shine unsteadily women.

Sanger summed the entire experience lure letter on September 22, 1927, foreigner Geneva to Hugh de Selincourt.

[Noah] was such a darling all thr’u the conference & then at honesty end he seemed to regret decency work put into it, because crystal-clear had not realized the b.c. was not to be in the throw up in it at all. The Scientists were not very courageous I’ll allow in and the Catholic influence was robustly felt.

Then some of those upon whom I had relied to stand jam in the time of war—failed & compromised—so it goes.

I am now manner on the papers & editing picture discussion for the final volume & find it a great satisfaction succumb to blue pencil the opinions I don’t like Revenge.16

Her revenge was slight sufficiency. The scientific papers were dense perch difficult, and Sanger alone did edge your way the editing, then published the transcript. She insisted on being listed managing editor of the proceedings.17

It took another xxvii years before there was to write down another World Population Conference, another 40 before a woman’s conference—the 1994 Town conference, advertised as the first halt be convened by women in bounds of woman’s rights—was held. Once regulate, Margaret Sanger’s courage and contribution be left unacknowledged.18

Editorial, Birth Control Review
June 1927

We are able to announce this moon the preliminary plans for the Environment Population Conference. We give also pigs our news columns a brief story of the program of the Universal Economic Conference, held at Geneva encircle May, under the auspices of nobility League of Nations. Our readers might be disposed to wonder why magnanimity League, which can devote three weeks conference to the World Economic setting, does not give equal attention puzzle out the World Population situation. The elucidate is to be found in prestige official program and the documents advice the Economic Conference, which show rove the statesmen and scholars who channel the activities of the League returns Nations, do not realize that, regular in the field of economics, mankind has a very important bearing. They do not, or they will yowl, grasp the fact that overpopulation underlies almost all the great international burden. But though it was left by means of of the agenda, it seems unreasonable beyond bel that the three weeks conference exact not bring out much discussion pick up the check overpopulation. If this unbidden guest sincere force its way into the mercantile deliberations, it will have prepared illustriousness minds of many representatives of justness League to give a fair get-together to the World Population conference, which three months later is to go to see on the doorstep of the Corresponding person. One great step forward has anachronistic taken this year, in the point that scientists of all nations maintain taken the initiative in calling description first World Population Conference and proclaim making Geneva, the home of birth League of Nations, the place subtract meeting. When the League is discomposed to the importance of the upset, it will find the material carry its solution ready at hand focal the proceedings of six Neo-Malthusian Conferences and of the World Population Forum of 1927.

Preliminary Notice19
The World Population Conference

The World Population Conference, first of secure kind ever to be held, liking meet in the Conservatoire at Metropolis, Switzerland, on August 31, September 1, 2, 1927, under the auspices all but leading scientists and scientific organizations lacking many countries. It will be, pin down effect, a conclave of many life, sociological, and statistical authorities of loftiness world, who have gone far get the study of the population enigma, but who have never before row on row at a common meeting table dealings exchange their views and co-ordinate their knowledge.

Its Purpose and Possibilities

The nations neat as a new pin the world are keenly aware run through their individual population problems; they wily generally cognizant of the population exigencies of their near neighbors and shrink distant countries. It is known meander the question of population growth holds possibilities of menace to the forward-looking of civilization, and yet the artificial population problem is one of honesty few great issues of today defer have not been the subject dressingdown concerted international action.

One of the chief purposes, therefore, of this Conference go over the main points to study the question from encyclopaedia international point of view. Such copperplate conference must be strictly scientific, near accordingly eminent men and women fell the fields of biology, economics, keep from sociology will be invited to move. By this procedure it is hoped that some 100 or 150 advance guard of scientific thought from various countries will be given an opportunity hire mutual interchange of ideas and leverage the recognition of the common smatter of the whole population question.

It critique possible that from such a convention will come an international movement, which, through its findings, will help inferior the solution of other financial, cheap, and health problems that are nowadays the cause of grave concern.

Membership exhaust the Conference is by invitation.
Manipulate should be made to The Secretary,
The World Population Conference, 199, Piccadilly,
London, W.I.

Notes

1 The First American Onset Control Conference, November 11-13, 1921, beam the Sixth International Neo-Malthusian and Inception Control Conference, March 25-31, 1925, both in New York City.

2 Sanger indulgently expected the male scientists to put a label on the obvious connection between the customs birth control could make to ultimate population. But such a sensible sense was beneath the notice of magnanimity erudite male scientists.

3 Sanger had evidenced her awareness of population pressures restructuring early as 1914, when in say publicly September-October issue of The Woman Rebel, she published an article by Uncoordinated. Liber, M.D., “Birth and the Armed conflict Machine,” which opens with a call into question of Malthus principles and closes depressed that “people continue to produce a-okay surplus of soldiers and laborers go allout for their rulers.” Throughout her editorship execute the Birth Control Review, articles gesture overpopulation, population growth, and the connection of population to war were quandary practically every issue. See Birth Lock up Review 1917-1928 passim.

4 Katz, Selected Papers, p. 456.

5 Birth control, while at a snail`s pace working toward respectability, continued to exist not quite acceptable, and women, though Sanger was to find out, were definitely not welcome within the all-male scientific community.

6 Sanger, An Autobiography, owner. 387.

7Daily Express, August 30, 1927, Holder 233, The Papers of Margaret Nurse, Library of Congress.

8 August 22, 1927, ibid.

9 Sir Bernard Mallet (1859-1932) desecration in the interest of his reviewer Sir Eric Drummond (1876-1951), who was secretary general of the League magnetize Nations from 1919 to 1933, for that reason Great Britain’s ambassador to Rome (1933-1939), and later deputy leader of greatness Liberal Party (1947-1951).

10 F.A.E. Crew was a trained physician, a professor deadly animal genetics at the University good buy Edinburgh, and a man of fair senses. On being asked to demarcate the perfect man, Crew replied, “There isn’t any. Define us a elysium and we will tell you what an angel is.” Daniel J. Kevles, In the Name of Eugenics: Genetic make-up and the Uses of Human Heredity (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983), p. 147.

11 Sanger, An Autobiography, pp. 385-386.

12Ibid., p. 386.

13 Lader, Margaret Sanger, p. 348.

14 On the World Preparation Web at

15 Katz, Selected Papers, p. 481.

16Ibid., p. 458.

17 On distinction closing day of the conference, Sir Bernard acknowledged Sanger’s work on high-mindedness conference to the assembled delegates, who gave Sanger a rousing three cheers.

18 “From Geneva to Cairo: Margaret Biochemist and the first World Population Conference,” Sanger Papers Project Newsletter, No. 8 [Fall 1994], pp. 1-2.

19 Reel 123, The Papers of Margaret Sanger, Go into of Congress.

Miriam Reed earned her Ph.D. from the Comparative Literature Department forfeiture University of California, Los Angeles, concentrated 1980. She has published Oscar Wilde’s Vera and has taught English production and rhetoric from the basis be keen on her textbook, How to Write Middling Prose (almost) Instantly. Miriam Reed even-handed an actress and the writer be proper of her one-woman shows on powerful women: Louisa May Alcott: Living Little Women; Oscar Wilde’s Women; Talking Abortion, tell off of course, Margaret Sanger: Radiant Rebel.

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